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Sains Malaysiana 54(1)(2026): 19-32
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2026-5501-02
Antagonistic Potential of Rhizosphere Bacteria from Citrus
Plants in East Kalimantan against Lasiodiplodia theobromae
(Potensi Antagonistik Bakteria Rhizosfera daripada Tumbuhan Limau di Kalimantan
Timur terhadapLasiodiplodia theobromae)
UNUN
TRIASIH1, MUTIA ERTI DWIASTUTI1,*,
LISTY ANGGRAENI1, SUHARJONO2, MUHAMAD RIZKI FATONI2 & NENSI AGUSTINA2
1Research Center for Horticultural National Research and Innovation
Agency, Jakarta - Bogor KM 46, Cibinong West Java 16911, Indonesia
2Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural
Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145,
Indonesia
Diserahkan: 8 Oktober 2024/Diterima: 15 Disember 2025
Abstract
East
Kalimantan is one of the central areas for the development of Siamese oranges (Citrus nobilis) in eastern Indonesia. However, diplodia stem rot disease caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromaecauses low productivity. Alternative
control of those pathogens using indigenous antagonist bacteria is
environmentally friendly. This study aims to analyse the diversity of
rhizosphere bacteria in citrus plants in dry land and swamps from East
Kalimantan and evaluate their potential to inhibit the growth of L. theobromae in vitro. The research consisted of
rhizosphere bacteria isolation, analysis of bacterial diversity, potency assay
of each isolate to inhibit the growth of L. theobromae, and identification of potential bacteria isolates based on 16S rDNA
similarity. The results showed that 17 isolates of non-pathogenic rhizosphere
bacteria, three of which, namely T4, T13, and T14, have the highest potency to
inhibit the growth of L. theobromae. Among
those isolates, the T13 bacterial isolate had the highest potency to inhibit
that pathogenic fungus at logarithmic and stationary growth phases. Isolate T4,
based on 16S rDNA sequence similarity, was identified as Bacillus subtilis,
while T13 and T14 were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Keywords: Bacillus subtilis; Citrus nobilis; Lasiodiplodia theobromae; Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
rhizosphere bacteria
Abstrak
Kalimantan Timur merupakan salah satu kawasan pusat pengembangan limau Siam (Citrus nobilis) di wilayah Indonesia Timur. Walau bagaimanapun, penyakit reput batang diplodia yang disebabkan oleh Lasiodiplodia theobromae telah menyebabkan produktiviti yang rendah. Kawalan alternatif terhadap patogen tersebut menggunakan bakteria antagonis asli merupakan pendekatan yang mesra alam. Penyelidikan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kepelbagaian bakteria rhizosfera pada tumbuhan sitrus yang terdapat di tanah kering dan paya dari Kalimantan Timur dan menilai potensinya untuk menghalang pertumbuhan L. theobromae secara in vitro. Penyelidikan ini meliputi pemencilan bakteria rhizosfera, analisis kepelbagaian bakteria, ujian potensi setiap pencilan untuk menghalang pertumbuhan L. theobromae dan pengenalpastian pencilan bakteria berpotensi berdasarkan 16S rDNA.
Hasil kajian menunjukkan 17 pencilan bakteria rhizosfera bukan patogen, tiga daripadanya iaitu T4, T13 dan T14 mempunyai potensi yang paling tinggi untuk menghalang pertumbuhan L. theobromae.
Antara pencilan tersebut, bakteria T13 mempunyai potensi tertinggi untuk menghalang kulat patogen pada fasa pertumbuhan logaritma dan pegun. Pencilan T4, berdasarkan persamaan jujukan 16S rDNA dikenal pasti sebagai Bacillus subtilis, manakala T13 dan T14 dikenal pasti sebagai Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Kata kunci: Bacillus subtilis; bakteria rhizosfera; Citrus nobilis; Lasiodiplodia theobromae; Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: muti012@brin.go.id
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